The semen analysis is the cornerstone of testing for male infertility problems. This test provides important information about the quality and quantity of the sperm. The semen sample is analyzed for volume, viscosity (thickness), pH and color of the ejaculate, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and forward progression of the sperm. The sample is also examined for the presence of white or red blood cells which may indicate infection or inflammation. We perform both manual and computer assisted semen analyses (CASA). From this simple test, we can tell how many sperm are present, how many appear normal and how many are moving. A semen analysis does not assess sperm function. It dcoes not answer the question “ar the sperm good enough to conceive”. More sophisticated tests of sperm quality such as the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) can better help asses the “health” of the sperm.

The normal semen parameters established by the World Health Organization are:

Collection Instructions

The semen sample should be collected at the laboratory in a special sterile container after a 2-3 day period of abstinence from ejaculation. Alternatively, the sample may be brought in from home within 1 hour of ejaculation. The sample should be maintained at body
temperature which can easily be done by placing the container in a shirt pocket. No lubrication should be used while obtaining the sample as it can be toxic to sperm. Occasionally, due to religious reasons, the sample may have to be obtained during intercourse. A special condom designed for this purpose will be provided.

A minimum of two semen analyses provided several weeks apart, and collected in a similar manner, is recommended because sperm counts tend to fluctuate. We never rely solely on one sperm count.